Educational article

Key Tests for Diagnosing Osteoporosis: What You Should Know

Dr. Teresita Cortés Segura, medical reviewer

Dr. Teresita Cortés Segura, medical reviewer

Author and medical review: Dra. Teresita del Niño Jesús Cortés Segura, endocrinologist.

Location: Bogotá, Colombia.

Published: August 22, 2026 · Updated: August 22, 2026 · 5 min read.

Educational content. It does not replace an individual medical assessment and should not be used for self-medication.

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What is osteoporosis?

Osteoporosis is a disease that weakens bones, increasing the risk of fractures. Detecting this condition early is crucial to prevent complications.

Myths about osteoporosis diagnosis

There are several myths that can confuse patients. For example, it is not true that only older women develop osteoporosis; men are also susceptible.

Key tests for diagnosis

The most common tests include bone densitometry, which measures bone mineral density, and blood tests that can evaluate markers of bone remodeling.

What is bone densitometry?

Bone densitometry is a non-invasive test that uses X-rays to measure bone density. It is the most reliable method for diagnosing osteoporosis.

Bone densitometry results on a computer screen, showing relevant data for diagnosis.
Bone densitometry results crucial for diagnosing osteoporosis, in a Bogotá clinic.

How are the results interpreted?

Densitometry results are expressed as T-scores. A T-score of -1.0 or higher is considered normal, while a T-score of -2.5 or lower indicates osteoporosis.

Signs to consult a doctor

It is important to seek medical attention if you experience frequent fractures, unexplained bone pain, or loss of height. These may be signs of osteoporosis.

When to seek medical care

If symptoms persist, test results are abnormal, or you have questions about medication, arrange an individual assessment. Do not change treatment or doses without medical guidance.

Frequently asked questions

Can osteoporosis be prevented?

Yes, adopting healthy habits such as a diet rich in calcium and vitamin D, and exercising regularly can help strengthen bones.

At what age should I have a bone densitometry test?

It is recommended for women over 65 years old and men over 70 years old, or earlier if you have risk factors.

What other tests can be performed?

In addition to bone densitometry, blood tests can be done to assess bone health and rule out other conditions.

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